Internal-combustion engine.



PATENTED MAY 14, 190) Ncn 853.422.

D. ROBERTS. vINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGIN APPLICATION FILED 11116.21}. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l &

N0. 853.4522 PATENTED MAY 14, 19.0?

n. ROBERTS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 28.1905.

4 it? I DAVID ROBERTS, OF. GRANTHAM, E};

lNTERNAL OOMBUSTlON ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application filed August 28, 1905. Serial No. 276,155.

To all wimm it flea/y concern:

Be it known. th at I DAVID ROBERTS, e subjcct'of the King of Great Britain, residing at Spittlegete Iron Works, Grantham, in the county of Lincoln, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Luternel Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internel combus- 'tion engines of the kind wherein liquid :1 drocarbon is injected into at compressed e urge of air and'mixed ti'ierewith so as to form an explosive mixture, and chiefly to suchengines as rely upon the heet of the of the explosion chember for igniting the suceessive charges. In engines of this class as hitherto constructed, difiiculty has been ex; pcrienced in efliciently spraying or atomim ing the hydrocarbon and thoroughi v mixing it with the air in the short time available at or near the endpi' the compression stroke, With the result that the efficiency of the en he has been more or less impaired; especia ly is this the case in engines where the explosions dd not take place with out formicy as the missing of one or more explosions allows of the explosion chamber cooliug to sue an extent as to feil to ignite the charge.

I have found by experiment that if the hydrocarbon is thoroughly .commingled with the air at the right moment, the explosions will take lace with regularity, notwithstanding t e cooling of the combustion chamber. 1 2

My invention, therefore, chiefly cornprises improved means for eifecting the spraying of the oil, whereby a considerable economy in oil and increased efiiciency in the working of the engine are attained.

According to my invention I combine with the nozzle through which the oil ejected an apparatus for causing a. jet or current of air to impinge against the oil jet and thoroughiy pulverize and break up the some, the air current serving at the same time to create so much commotion or agitation in the oombustion'chamber that the particles of hydrocarbon vapor are innuediotely carried to all parts of the some to produce the desired mixture.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of apps.- retus arranged in accordance with my invention, tlie'seid figure including e portion of the combustion chamber of the engine to which the spraying device is attached. Fig.

2 is o. plan of said mechanism, end. his. I; is a section on line .'-i---3 Fig. 2.

In the dmu'i r4. is the oil jot apparatus which is connm'tcd with a force pump in the usual manure and is the nozzle tlil'murli which the oil is ejected.

c is a box which attached to the mime bustion chamber 1 of the engine and which is provided with the flaringclurmbcr or pussegud. The box 0 is Glennie-cl in position between the nozzle and. the coinl'iusticu chamber by studs (2 d. secured. to the House of said ooni mstiml chamber and passing through e leia. on the i I he box 0 is provided r the posh through which tire compressed air is do liv cred, thesuid pesse e terminating, as shown, in the annular siit f formed in. the welt ol the chamber d adjacent to the nos le 6, the air d through the said slit serving; by sies the oil jet, to t-l'iorruig'h xdelive iris ringing s no vei'ize and brook up the same in the 4 sired men-nor. .As shown in the drawing the slit f is iorined by rcreesing the face of the box a. and then. in" ting n plete g into the recess, leaving susicient space for the pessage'of the air.

Any suitable means may be employed for admitting the air periodically; as shown in the drawing, a. valve h is eirenged in the passage e, the base of the said valve being. ected upon by the fare oi a: canehke lug '1,

which is oscillated. in any suitable manner, for instance, through the medium. of e spin die i passing through a stufling box and connected by a lever and rod 'i to some moving part of the engine.

In practice, I advantageously so regulate the emission of the oil that each charge is projected iron; the jet in a manner resoldoling that in'whimh a projectile leaves a. gun,

and i so regulate the air jet that it cone mences to llow imu'iedietely before the issue of the oil, so that as the oil issues, it is directed into the vortex produced by the air jets and so instantly pulverized in the manner hereinlwl'ore doscrl bed.

Instead of Forming a s'litf as hereilibelore described it is to be understood that a hole or e series of holes may be formed through which the air will enter the chamber d.

lioroinboiorestated the thoroughcommingling of the hydrocarbon with the air at the right moment allows of a. certain amount of cooling of the cou'ibustion chamber, with the arrangement described however, I'am able. to utilize the heart produrml by the compression ol the nil during the compression stroke for augmenting the heat of the wells of the combustion rlnunhcr.

lhiring now particularly described and uscerluined the nature of my said invention and .in what manner the some is to be performed, l declare that what I claim is l. in rm internal combustion engine, the combination with n combustion chamber having an opening therein, ol av box having a during passage therein, said passage in said box hat-ring one end direclly in line with and in communivzitiou with the opening in' said coinlmsiion chamber, an oil jet (.hrectly in line ith and in coinmunicalion with the other end of said passage, said hos bein 3' prtv vided with a port opening into Ski-id luring passage for-admitting compressed air and directing the same across the pulh of the oil ejected from said. jet, substantially as descri lied.

3. 111 an internal combustionengine, the combination with it combustion chamber having an opening therein, of a box having a flaring passage therein, said. passage in said hex having one end directly in line with and in connnunicalion with the opening in said whims-lion chamber, on oil. jet directly in. line with and ther end of said passage, sitid box being prorided with an annular slit around ssid flaring passage adjacent to said oil jet and HIGH-11S for 'lorcing mnnpressed air through said slit into said. passage whereby the oomprr-issed air is directed across the path, of the oil ejected from said jet, substantially as described 3 in an internal combustion engine, the

111 ciinnnunicstion with the .vided with scompressed nicating withthe interior of said combination with e combustion ehznnbcr having on opening therein, 01' a box having 21, flaring puss-age therein, said passage inv said box having one and directly in line with and in eonnnunicution with the opening in said. combustion chamber, an oil et directly in line with and in communiootior with the other end of sziid passage, said box being provided with an ennulnr slit around said flaring passage adjacent to said oil jet, the wells of said slit being inclined. andmeans for forcing compressed air throu h said slit into said flaring passage, Wl'iere y the compressed air is directed across the path of the oil ejected from said jet and toward the combustion chsunber, substantially is described.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a combustion chamber having an opening therein, of a box having a flaring passage therein, said passage in said box having one end directly inv line with and in communication with the opening in said combustion chamber, an oil jet directly in line with and in communication with the other end of said passage, said. be); being prouir passe e connnu- SIlIlg passage and adapted to direct the compressed air across the path of the oil ejected from said oil jet, a valve seated in said oompressed air passage, said valve normally closing said passage and means for automatically opening said valve, substantially as described DAVID ROBERTS l'Vitnesse-s:

' FnnDK. L. RAND,

WM. CORNl-IILL. 

